Goa

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Goa /ˈɡoʊ.ə/ ( listen) is a state in India within the coastal region known as the Konkan, in Western India. It is bounded by Maharashtrato the north and Karnataka to the east and south, with the Arabian Sea forming its Western coast. It is India's smallest state by area and the fourth smallest by population. Goa has the highest GDP per capita among all Indian states,^[3] that is two and a half times that of the country.^[4] It was ranked the 'best placed State' by the "Eleventh Finance Commission" for its infrastructure and ranked on top for the 'best quality of life' in India by the National Commission on Population based on the 12 Indicators.^[4]

Goa Goem  (Konkani)
Indian state
Clockwise from top: Palolem Beach in South Goa, a church part of the state's only World Heritage Site in Old Goa, the Fontainhas quarter of the capital Panaji (Panjim), and the Chapora River
Seal
Location of Goa in India
Map of Goa
Coordinates (Panaji): 15.498605°N 73.829262°E
Country	India
Established	30 May 1987
Capital	Panaji (Panjim)
Largest city	Vasco da Gama
Districts	2
Government
• Body	Government of Goa
• Governor	Mridula Sinha
• Chief Minister	Manohar Parrikar(BJP)
• Legislature	Unicameral (40 seats)
• Parliamentary constituencies	2
• High Court	Bombay High Court, Goa Bench
Area
• Total	3,702 km2(1,429 sq mi)
Area rank	29th
Population (2017)
• Total	1,817,000
• Rank	26th
• Density	490/km2(1,300/sq mi)
Demonym(s)	Goan
Time zone	IST (UTC+05:30)
ISO 3166 code	IN-GA
HDI	0.779 (high)
HDI rank	3rd (2005)
Literacy	88.70% (3rd)
Official language	Konkani[1]
Website	www.goa.gov.in
^* Konkani in Devanagari script is the sole official language but Marathi is also allowed to be used for any or all official purposes.[1][2]

Panaji is the state's capital, while Vasco da Gama is its largest city. The historic city of Margao still exhibits the cultural influence of the Portuguese, who first landed in the early 16th century as merchants and conquered it soon thereafter. Goa is a former Portuguese province; the Portuguese overseas territory of Portuguese India existed for about 450 years until it was annexed by India in 1961.^[5][6]

Goa is visited by large numbers of international and domestic tourists each year for its white sand beaches, nightlife, places of worship and world heritage architecture. It has rich flora and fauna, owing to its location on the Western Ghats range, a biodiversityhotspot.

Goa’s rail services, though great for getting to and from the state, aren’t particularly useful for getting around it. It's usually quicker and more convenient to travel by bus, taxi or under your own steam. An exception is travelling the length of the state, say from Arambol or Mapusa to Palolem, which would otherwise require several bus changes.

• There are two railways in Goa: the South Central Railway runs east from Vasco da Gama, through Margao and into Karnataka. This line is most useful for day tripping to Dudhsagar Falls via Colem station.
• The interstate Konkan Railway train line passes through Goa: stations from north to south in Goa are: Pernem (for Arambol), Thivim (for Mapusa), Karmali (for Old Goa and Panaji), Verna, Margao (for Colva and Benaulim), Bali, Barcem and Canacona (for Palolem).

• Autorickshaw

  An autorickshaw (also called an auto, three-wheeler or, outside of India, a tuk-tuk) is the quintessential Indian short-hop form of transport, a yellow-and-black three-wheeled contraption powered by a noisy two-stroke motorcycle engine. It's about a third cheaper than a taxi and generally a better option for short trips – count on a minimum ₹50 for a short journey and ₹100 for a slightly longer one.

  Flag down an autorickshaw and negotiate the fare before you jump in; if the driver’s charging too much, try another.

  Motorcycle Taxi

  Motorcycle taxis, known as ‘pilots’, are also a licensed form of taxi in Goa, identified by a yellow front mudguard. They're only really common around major taxi stands and beach resorts, and cost half the price of a taxi.

  Taxi

  Taxis are widely available for town-hopping, but the local union cartel means prices are high, especially at night and more so around expensive hotels. A full day’s sightseeing, depending on the distance, is likely to be around ₹1500 to ₹2000. Agree on a price beforehand.

  A new initiative by Goa Tourism is the Women's Taxi Service, with female drivers, phone-only bookings and only women, couples or families accepted as passengers. The vehicles are fitted with accurate meters and GPS monitoring, and the drivers are trained in first aid and self-defence. Fares can even be paid with a credit card.